Cooling tower

　　Cooling towers are structures used to cool water. They are commonly found in power plants, chemical plants, cement plants, and other factories that require large-scale water temperature control. The height is determined by the heat exchange calculation, making it a structure that saves water and promotes water recycling. The working principle of a cooling tower is as follows: Air is blown in to create convection with water sprayed from above, dissipating the heat source. Some of the water evaporates during convection, taking away the corresponding latent heat of vaporization, thereby reducing the water temperature.
　　Open Cooling Tower
　　The cooling principle of an open cooling tower is to spray circulating water onto fiberglass filler in a mist-like manner. Heat exchange is achieved through contact between the water and air. A fan then drives the air circulation within the tower, carrying away the heated air flow after heat exchange with the water, thus achieving cooling.
　　This cooling method has lower initial investment but higher operating costs (water and electricity consumption).
　　Closed Cooling Tower
　　The cooling principle of a closed cooling tower is, simply put, a two-loop system: an inner loop and an outer loop. There is no filler; the main core is a copper tube cooler.
　　① Inner loop: Connects to the target equipment, forming a closed-loop system (circulating medium is soft water). It cools the target equipment, carrying away the heat from the target equipment to the cooling unit.
　　② Outer loop: In the cooling tower, it cools the cooling tower itself. It does not come into contact with the inner loop water but exchanges heat and dissipates heat through the copper tube cooler in the cooling tower. In this cooling method, the motor operation is automatically controlled according to the water temperature setting.
　　In a filled cooling tower, the circulating cooling water that needs to be cooled is evenly distributed onto the filler. A motor-driven axial flow fan installed at the top of the tower draws in cool ambient air. The cool air and hot water perform mass and heat transfer on the filler surface to lower the water temperature. This type of cooling tower has a small water-air contact area, large air resistance from the filler, high noise, relatively large energy consumption, high failure rate, large maintenance workload, high maintenance costs, short service life, high water quality requirements, and unsatisfactory cooling effect.

Cooling Tower